France – Gallia oder Franckrijch; J. Stumpf / H. Vogtherr – 1548

Description

A very attractive woodcut, drawn by Johann Stumpf and expertly crafted by Heinrich Vogtherr. The map is based on Martin Waldseemüller’s Nova Tabula from 1511 and Sebastian Münster’s map from 1540. While Münster’s maps are available, Stumpf’s work is rarer and more beautifully executed.

Une très belle gravure sur bois, dessinée par Johann Stumpf et magistralement réalisée par Heinrich Vogtherr. La carte s’inspire de la Nova Tabula de Martin Waldseemüller (1511) et de celle de Sebastian Münster (1540). Si les cartes de Münster sont disponibles, l’œuvre de Stumpf est plus rare et d’une facture plus raffinée.

Details

• Type: cartographic print, 1th state, 1th edition
• Title: Gallia oder Frankreich / die Landtafel des dritten büchs.
• Published: 1548
• Technique: woodcut
• Carthographer: Martin Waldseemüller, Sebastian Münster, Johannes Stumpf (Adjustments)
• Engraver(s): Heinrich Vogtherr
• Published in: Gemeiner löblicher Eydgnoschaft stetten, Lannden und Völckern chronicwirdiger Thaaten by Christoffel Froschauer in Zürich
• Size print: 28,7 x 41,1 cm
• Size paper: 37,0 x 45,6 cm
• Verso: blanco
• ID: M4770Ec
• Source: Karrow, R., Mapmakers of the Sixteenth Century, 73/5.1./ Bagrow History of Cartography, p156

Condition: B

Good, given age. Centrefold as issued. General age-related toning and/or occasional minor defects from handling. Some discoloration and two wormholes in the upper section. Split in the bottom margin, reinforced on the verso. A few pinholes in image and the bottom margin.

Bon état, compte tenu de son âge. Pliure central tel que publié. Légères décolorations dues à l’âge et/ou quelques traces d’usure mineures. Légère décoloration et deux trous de vers dans la partie supérieure. Déchirure au bord inférieur, renforcée au verso. Plusieurs trous d’épingle dans l’image et au inférieur.

Johann Stumpf (1500 – 1578)

Johann Stumpf was a German-Swiss historian, theologian and cartographer. was an early writer on the history and topography of Switzerland as well as a theologian and cartographer. He was born at Bruchsal in Germany, and was educated there, at Strasbourg and in Heidelberg. In 1520 he became a Catholic chaplain with the Knights Hospitaller. In 1521 the order sent him south to Freiburg im Breisgau, and on to Basel, where he would be ordained. In 1522 he was placed in charge of a preceptory in the canton of Zürich. In the years following Stumpf became an active Protestant theologian: he took part in the Bern Disputation and participated in the first Kappel War. His first marriage in 1529 would be to the daughter of Swiss historian Heinrich Brennwald, whose manuscript history inspired his son-in-law to take up that discipline. Stumpf’s research was not only textual: he traveled in order to support his work. His opus – Gemeiner loblicher Eydgnoschafft Stetten, Landen und Voelckeren Chronick wirdiger thaaten Beschreybung – was published in 1548. In addition to his historical work, he would continue as a Protestant pastor until 1561. He retired to Zurich in 1561, where his life would end in 1576.

Gemeiner loblicher Eydgnoschafft (..).

This book, also known as Schweitzer Chronik, contained a series of beautiful woodcut maps. The first edition, from 1548, contained 23 maps. Nine maps and the world map were taken from Honter’s Rudimenta Cosmographica from 1542. Stumpf drew 13 new maps, primarily based on the work of Waldseemüller and Münster. The work, considered the first national atlas of Switzerland and the first national atlas published in Europe, was also richly illustrated with over 4,000 woodcuts. A remarkable achievement by Heinrich Vogtherr. Later editions or fragments of the book could contain a varying number of maps. Later editions or excerpts of the book could contain varying numbers of maps.

Heinrich Vogtherr (1490-1556)

Heinrich Vogtherr also known as Heinricus Satrapitanus was a German artist, printer, poet and medical author. He was born in Dillingen an der Donau, his father was a doctor. His was an apprentice of Hans Burgkmair in Augsburg. He traveled throughout Germany between 1518 and 1524, publishing numerous religious, Reformation-oriented poems and pamphlets and broadsheets. He took part as a colonel in the German Peasants’ War in 1524 and 1525, escaping the failed siege of Radolfzell and finding his way to Strasbourg, where he settled. His religious background constrained his efforts to find work, and he had to work mainly as a book illustrator on behalf of a broad array of Strasbourg printers. In 1536 he founded his own print business. He moved to Zurich in 1544 to work at Christoph Froschauer’s printing workshop. His production was unprecedented: in two years, Vogtherr not only created Johann Honter’s world map, but also more than 400 illustrations, maps, and views for Johannes Stumpf’s ‘Swiss chronicle’ (1548). In 1550 he relocated to Vienna at the behest of Ferdinand I, who would become Holy Roman Emperor in 1556, the year Vogtherr died.

Sebastian Münster (1488 – 1552)

Sebastian Münster was een beroemde Duitse carthograaf en cosmograaf. In 1505 werd Münster Franciscaner monnik, vanaf 1509 als leerling van Konrad Pelikan. Münster voltooide zijn studie aan de Universiteit van Tübingen in 1518. Nadat Münster in 1518 naar Bazel was verhuisd publiceerde hij zijn eerste tekst Epitome Hebraicae Grammaticae. Dit werk was één van de eerste taalboeken over Hebreeuws die in Duitsland werd gepubliceerd. Van 1521 tot 1529 werkte en doceerde Münster in Heidelberg. Hij publiceerde er talrijke Hebreeuwse teksten, in 1531 Horologiographia (uurwerken en zonnewijzers) en in 1536 Organum Uranicum (bewegingen der planeten).

In 1536 maakte Münster als eerste een kaart van Europa op één blad. Bovendien op het zuiden georiënteerd, een noviteit in navolging van Waldseemüller en Ertzlaub. Deze kaartenmakers waren in staat om de gangbare Ptolemeus kaarten te verbeteren en de nieuwe wereld vorm te geven. Vanaf 1540 tot 1552 publiceerde Münster de Geographia met Ptolemeus kaarten en een aantal moderne kaarten. Vanaf 1544 publiceerde Münster de Cosmographia met kaarten én uitgebreide beschrijvingen van de wereld. De impact van dit vernieuwende boek was zo groot, dat wij Münster mogen beschouwen als één van de belangrijkste wetenschappers van onze geschiedenis.

In mei 1552 stierf Münster aan de pest in Bazel en werd daar begraven. Zijn werken bleven invloedrijk in de periode van de volgende generatie ‘moderne’ kaartenmakers. Na de dood van Heinnrich Petri in 1579 naam zijn zoon Sebastian Henric Petri de uitgeverij over.

Sebastian Münster was a German cartographer, cosmographer and professor. He was born in Niederingelheim, as a farmer’s son. In 1505 Münster became a Franciscan monk and studied philosophy and theology at the university of the order in Heidelberg. In 1507 he continued his education in Löwen, where he studied mathematics, geography and astronomy. After a transfer to Freiburg, he also began to study Hebrew, which he continued after entering the St. Katharina monastery in Rouffach/Alsace in 1509 to study under Konrad Pellikan, the important German humanist. Beyond theology, Pellikan was a teacher of Hebrew, Greek, mathematics and cosmography and Münster became interested in these subjects. In 1511, when Pellikan moved to Pforzheim, Münster duly followed him. In 1512 Sebastian Münster was ordained as a priest in Pforzheim. From 1514 to 1518 he taught as a lecturer of philosophy and theology at the university of his order in Tübingen and conducted astronomical-mathematical and geographical studies.

After Münster moved to Basel in 1518, he published his first text, a survey of Hebrew grammar Epitome Hebraicae Grammaticae, which was one of the first-ever language books on Hebrew published in Germany. From 1521 to 1529 Münster worked and taught in Heidelberg, published numerous Hebrew texts and wrote the first books written in Aramaic ever to be published in Germany. His permanent cosmographical interest is reflected by his lectures at the university and his published map of Germany in 1525, as well as his treatise on sundials in Erklerung des newen Instrument der Sunnen in 1528.

Being a Franciscan monk, he subsequently became a friend of Martin Luther and in 1529 Sebastian Münster converted to the reformation and took over the chair of Hebrew at the University of Basel, where reformation had just been established. A little later he married Ana Selber, the widow of his book printer. Münster’s stepson Heinrich Petri from then on published most of his books. In 1534-1535 Sebastian Münster finally published his main work in Hebrew, which met with international acclaim: a two-volume edition of the Old Testament “Biblia Hebraica” with a Latin translation and annotations.

In 1536, Münster was the first to make a map of Europe on one sheet. Moreover, it is oriented to the south, a novelty following Waldseemüller and Ertzlaub. These mapmakers were able to improve the common Ptolemy maps and shape the new world. From 1540 to 1552 Münster published the Geographia with Ptolemy maps and a number of modern maps. From 1544 Münster published the Cosmographia with maps and extensive descriptions of the world. The impact of this innovative book was so great that we can consider Münster as one of the most important scientists in our history.

In the May of 1552, Münster died of plague in Basle and was buried in there, but his works remained influential in the period of the next generation of great modern map makers. After the death of Heinnrich Petri in 1579, his son Sebastian Henric Petri continued publishing.

Martin Waldseemüller (ca. 1470 – 1520)

Waldseemüller was a German cartographer and humanist scholar. his work was influential among contemporary cartographers. He and his collaborator Matthias Ringmann are credited with the first recorded usage of the word America to name a portion of the New World in honour of the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci. Waldseemüller was also the first to map South America as a continent separate from Asia, the first to produce a printed globe and the first to create a printed wall map of Europe. A set of his maps printed as an appendix to the 1513 edition of Ptolemy‘s Geography is considered to be the first example of a modern atlas.