Gelderland, Kleef – Gelriae, Cliviae (..).; A. Ortelius – 1574-1575

Description

Details

• Type: carthografische prent
• Volledige titel: Gelriae, Cliviae, finitimorvmqve locorvm verissima descriptio / Christiano Schrot Auctore.
• Publicatie: 1574-1575, 1e staat (vanaf 1570)
• Techniek: kopergravure met oudtijdse inkleuring
• Carthograaf: Christian Sgrooten
• Tekenaar: Abraham Ortelius
• Graveur: Frans Hogenberg e.a.
• Gepubliceerd in: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum Opus nunc denuo ab ipso Auctore recognitum (..). Geographi Regii. door Aegidius Radeus / Gielis van Diest in Antwerpen
• Afmeting prent:  37.2 x 50.3 cm.
• Afmeting papier: 41.5 x 52.0 cm
• Verso: Latijnse tekst / p.19
• ID: M1010P
• Bron: Van den Broecke 61 / Koe III Ort 12/13 [15]

Conditie: A

Zeer goed, voor een gravure van deze leeftijd.  Middenvouw als uitgegeven met krappe marges. Scherpe afdruk met fraaie oudtijdse kleuring.

Achtergronden

Abraham Ortelius (1527-1598)

Ortelius was een Brabantse geograaf en uitgever uit Antwerpen. Ortelius is samen met Mercator de uitvinder van de wereldatlas. Zijn ‘Theatrum Orbis Terrarum’ bracht hem grote roem. Belangrijke illustratoren en graveurs als Joris Hoefnagel en Frans Hogenberg waren werkzaam voor hem. In 1573 werd hij benoemd tot geograaf van Philips II. Na Ortelius dood werden de koperplaten gekocht door Jean Baptiste Vrients en de firma Platijn-Moretus.

Abraham Ortelius is perhaps the best known and most frequently collected of all sixteenth-century mapmakers. Ortelius started his career as a map engraver. In 1547 he entered the Antwerp guild of St Luke as afsetter van Karten. In 1560, while traveling with Gerard Mercator he seems to have been attracted towards a career as a scientific geographer. From that point forward, he devoted himself to the compilation his Theatrum Orbis Terrarum (Theatre of the World), which would become the first modern atlas.

In 1564 he completed his “mappemonde“, an eight-sheet map of the world. The only extant copy of this great map is in the library of the University of Basle. Ortelius also published a map of Egypt in 1565, a plan of Brittenburg Castle on the coast of the Netherlands, and a map of Asia, prior to 1570.

In 1570, the Theatrum Orbis Terrarum first appeared in an edition of 53 maps. The Theatrum was the best available summary of 16th-century cartographic knowledge, covering much of the exploration of the world in the century following the discovery of America. Most of the maps in Ortelius Theatrum were drawn from the works of a number of other mapmakers from around the world; a list of 87 authors is given by Ortelius himself.

The broad appeal of the Theatrum saw demand from many consumers who preferred to read the atlas in their local language. Thus, in addition to Latin, the book was published with text in Dutch, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and English.

By the time of his death in 1598, a total of 25 editions were published including editions in Latin, Italian, German, French, and Dutch. Later editions would also be issued in Spanish and English by Ortelius’ successors, Vrients and Plantin, the former adding a number of maps to the atlas, the final edition of which was issued in 1612. Most of the maps in Ortelius Theatrum were drawn from the works of a number of other mapmakers from around the world; a list of 87 authors is given by Ortelius himself

After Ortelius’s death in 1598, the copper plates for his atlas passed to his heirs. They, in turn, sold the collection to Jan Baptist Vrients (1522-1612) in 1601. Vrients added new maps and published the atlas until his death in 1612. Vrients’s widow then sold the plates to the Moretus brothers, who were the successors of Christoffel Plantin.

In 1573, Ortelius published seventeen supplementary maps under the title of Additamentum Theatri Orbis Terrarum. In 1575 he was appointed geographer to the king of Spain, Philip II, on the recommendation of Arias Montanus, who vouched for his orthodoxy (his family, as early as 1535, had fallen under suspicion of Protestantism). In 1578 he laid the basis of a critical treatment of ancient geography with his Synonymia geographica (issued by the Plantin press at Antwerp and republished as Thesaurus geographicus in 1596). In 1584 he issued his Nomenclator Ptolemaicus, a Parergon (a series of maps illustrating ancient history, sacred and secular.) Late in life, he also aided Welser in his edition of the Peutinger Table in 1598.

Christian Sgrooten (1525-1603)

Sgrooten (of Sgrothen) was een Duitse Carthograaf uit Sonsbeck in Kleve wordt beschouwd als een belangrijke Cartograaf van de 16e eeuw. Zijn werk vertegenwoordigde de belangrijkste kartering van de Nederrijn in de 16e eeuw en vormde de basis voor Mercators kaarten van de regio. In 1558 verscheen in Antwerpen een kaart van het hertogdom Gelre en het graafschap Zutphen. Een kaart van het hertogdom Gelre volgde in 1564, een kaart van Duitsland in 1565 en een kaart van het Heilige Land in 1570.

Het belangrijkste werk Sgrooten kostte hem 25 jaar om te voltooien. In opdracht van koning Philips II bracht hij voor het eerst systematisch het grondgebied van het Heilige Roomse Rijk in kaart. De eerste versie, de zogenaamde “Atlas van Brussel” uit 1572/73, bevat 38 kaarten van Midden-Europa en de tweede versie uit 1592, de zogenaamde “Atlas van Madrid”, bevat 33 kaarten van Europa en verschillende wereld- en orient-kaarten. Ze bestrijken het gebied tussen Denemarken en de Adriatische Zee en tussen Vlaanderen en Polen, met de focus op de Noord-Duitse deelstaten. De atlassen worden beschouwd als één van de mooiste producties van de renaissance en zijn genoemd naar de plaats waar ze tegenwoordig worden bewaard (Peter Meurer).

Sgrooten (or Sgrothen) was a German Carthographer from Sonsbeck in Kleve is considered an important Cartographer of the 16th century. His work represented the most important mapping of the Lower Rhine in the 16th century and formed the basis for Mercator’s maps of the region. In 1558 a map of the duchy of Guelders and the county of Zutphen was published in Antwerp. A map of the Duchy of Guelders followed in 1564, a map of Germany in 1565 and a map of the Holy Land in 1570.

Sgrooten’s most important work took him 25 years to complete. Commissioned by King Philip II, he systematically mapped the territory of the Holy Roman Empire for the first time. The first version, the so-called “Atlas of Brussels” from 1572/73, contains 38 maps of Central Europe and the second version from 1592, the so-called “Atlas of Madrid”, contains 33 maps of Europe and various world and orient-maps. They cover the area between Denmark and the Adriatic Sea and between Flanders and Poland, with a focus on the northern German states. The atlases are considered one of the most finest productions of the Renaissance and are named after the place where they are kept today (Peter Meurer).